Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich. Herman Kazansky’s demarche against the «Oprichnina»: Historical realities and interpretations

Published Date:

For citation: Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich. Herman Kazansky’s demarche against the «Oprichnina»: Historical realities and interpretations, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2021. № 2. Pp. 145-163. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2021.210

Title of the article Herman Kazansky’s demarche against the «Oprichnina»: Historical realities and interpretations
Authors

Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich — lector, «Vzmach Educational Complex», St. Petersburg, Russia, Orc ID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2342-694, SPIN-code 8625-8055; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

In the section  Miscellanea / Miscellanea
Year 2021 Issue 2 Pages 145-163
Type of article RAR Index UDK; BBK UDK 930+94(470)+929; BBK 86.372.24-64 Index DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2021.210 
Abstract This article discusses the debatable question about the demarche of Herman Kazansky against the Oprichnina. The author analyzes this event and suggests that Herman supported Metropolitan Philip (Kolychev) in his speech against the expansion of the Oprichnina policy in 1567. Over time, Herman’s act began to become overgrown with ecclesiastical legends. In the Life of the saint, written in the 1660s at the behest of the Kazan Metropolitan Lawrence II, it was first said, that Herman defended Metropolitan Philip during the Council trial in the fall of 1568. After the inspection of Herman’s relics in 1889, a version of his death at the hands of the oprichniks appears in the church press. Thus, by the early 20th century, the eparchial government of Kazan presented Herman as a martyr who stood up for the disgraced Metropolitan Philip and was executed by order of Ivan the Terrible. Sources from the 16th century completely refutes the first part of this image, the act of opening the relics of Herman of Kazan in May 1923 — the second one.
Keywords Herman of Kazan, Ivan IV the Terrible, Metropolitan Philip (Kolychev), Kazan Diocese, Oprichnina, Life of Herman of Kazan, uncovering of relics, construction of historical memory
Full text version of the article. Article language  Russian
Bibliography

Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich. «Svidetel’stva mitropolita Lavrentiya» v Zhitii Germana Kazanskogo [Metropolitan Lavrenty’s evidence in the Life of St. Herman, Archbishop of Kazan], in Germenevtika drevnerusskoy literatury. Moscow: Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences Press, 2020. Issue 19. Pp. 157–166. (in Russian).

Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich. Ostavleniye mitropolitom Afanasiyem pervosvyatitel’skoy kafedry 19 maya 1566 g. [Metropolitan Athanasius’s abandonment of the metropolitan cathedra on May 19, 1566], in Paleorosiya. Drevnyaya Rus’: Vo vremeni, v lichnostyakh, v ideyakh. 2018. No. 2 (10). Pp. 201–214. (in Russian).

Belov, Nikita Vasilyevich. Zhitie Germana Kazanskogo: Datirovka, avtorstvo, istochniki [The Life of Herman of Kazan: dating, authorship, sources], in Slovesnost’ i istoriya: Zhurnal filologicheskikh i istoriko-kul’turnykh issledovaniy. 2020. No. 1 (1). Pp. 136–140. (in Russian).

Bogatyrev S. The resignation of Metropolitan Afanasii in 1566, in Canadian-American Slavic Studies. 2015. Vol. 49. № 2–3. P. 174–192.

Bogdanov, Andrey Petrovich. Letopisets i istorik kontsa XVII veka: Ocherki istoricheskoy mysli «perekhodnogo vremeni» [Chronicler and historian of the late 17th century: Essays on historical thought in the «transitional period»]. 2nd ed. Moscow; Berlin: «Direkt-Media» Publ., 2019. 216 p. (in Russian).

Bogdanov, Andrey Petrovich. Ot letopisaniya k issledovaniyu: Russkiye istoriki posledney chetverti XVII veka [From chronicles to research: Russian historians of the last quarter of the 17th century]. 2nd ed. Moscow; Berlin: «Direkt-Media» Publ., 2020. 644 p. (in Russian).

Bubnov, Nikolai Yuryevich. Staroobryadcheskaya kniga v Rossii vo vtoroy polovine XVII v.: Istochniki, tipy i evolyutsiya [Old Believer book in Russia in the second half of the 17th century: Sources, types and evolution]. St. Petersburg: Academy of Sciences Library Press, 1995. 438 p. (in Russian).

Eleonskaya, Anna Sergeevna. Russkaya publitsistika vtoroy poloviny XVII veka [Russian publicity in the second half of the 17th century]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1978. 267 p. (in Russian).

Ermolaev, Igor’ Petrovich. Gosudarstvennoye upravleniye Srednim Povolzhyem vo vtoroy polovine XVI–XVII vv.[State administration of the Middle Volga region in the second half of the 16th–17th centuries]: Dissertation of Doctor Science in history. Kazan, 1982. Pp. 3–150. (in Russian).

Fedotova, Ol’ga Viktorovna. Istoriya Raifskogo Bogoroditskogo monastyrya v dokumentakh Gosudarstvennogo arkhiva Respubliki Tatarstan [History of the Raifa monastery of the Virgin Mary in the documents of the State Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan], in Gasyrlaravazy — Ekhovekov. 2018. No. 3. Pp. 11–17. (in Russian).

Kolobkov, Vladimir Anatolyevich. Mitropolit Filipp i stanovleniye moskovskogo samoderzhaviya: Oprichnina Ivana Groznogo [Metropolitan Philip and the formation of Moscow autocracy: The oprichnina of Ivan the Terrible]. St. Petersburg: «Aleteiya» Publ., 2004. 639 p. (in Russian).

Koretskiy, Vadim Ivanovich. Politicheskaya bor’ba i soslovnye uchrezhdeniya vremeni oprichniny [Political struggle and estate institutions during the oprichnina], in Feodalizm v Rossii. Sbornik statey i vospominaniy, posvyashchennyi pamyati akademika L. V. Cherepnina. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1987. Pp. 229–235. (in Russian).

Korovin, Vyacheslav Dmitrievich. Sviyazhskii Uspenskiy monastyr’ v kontekste sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoy, politicheskoy i religioznoy istorii Kazanskogo kraya v seredine XVI – nachale XX vv. [Sviyazhsky Assumption Monastery in the context of the socio-economic, political and religious history of the Kazan region in the mid-16th – early 20th centuries]: PhD thesis. Moscow, 2009. 28 p. (in Russian).

Korzinin, Aleksandr Leonidovich. Gosudarev dvor v dooprichnyi period (1550–1565 gg.) [The sovereign’s Court before the oprichnina (1550–1565)]: Dissertation of Doctor Science in history. St.Petersburg, 2016. Part 1. 385 p. (in Russian).

Lavrentyev, Aleksandr Vladimirovich. Svod 1652 g. – pamyatnik russkogo letopisaniya XVII veka [The Code of 1652 as a monument of Russian chronicles of the 17th century]. PhD thesis. Moscow, 1984. 23 p. (in Russian).

Lipakov, Evgeniy Vasilyevich. Iosifo-Volotskiy monastyr’ i Kazanskaya eparkhiya vo vtoroy polovine XVI veka [Joseph-Volotsk monastery and the Kazan diocese in the second half of the 16th century], in Prepodobnyi Iosif Volotskiy i ego obitel’. Moscow: «Severnyi palomnik» Publ., 2008. Pp. 62–66. (in Russian).

Lobakova, Irina Anatolyevna. «Skazanie o tsareIvanei o Filippemitropolite» – novonaydennaya istoricheskaya povest’ XVII v. ob epokheo prichniny [«The Tale of Tsar Ivan and Philip the Metropolitan» – a newfound 17th-century historical narrative about the era of the oprichnina], in Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoy literatury. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publ., 2009. Vol. 60. Pp. 376–393. (in Russian).

Lobakova, Irina Anatolyevna. Istoricheskaya povest’ o mitropolite Filippe: Literaturnye istochniki i ikh interpretatsiya kontsa XVII v. [The historical Tale of Metropolitan Philip. Literary sources and their interpretation of the late 17th century], in Trudy Otdela drevnerusskoy literatury. St. Petersburg: «Dmitriy Bulanin» Publ., 2004. Vol. 55. Pp. 301–312. (in Russian).

Lobakova, Irina Anatolyevna. Zhitie mitropolita Filippa: Issledovanie i teksty [The Life of Metropolitan Philip: Research and texts]. St. Petersburg: «Dmitriy Bulanin» Publ., 2006. 312 p. (in Russian).

Makarii (Bulgakov), metropolitan. Istoriya Russkoy Tserkvi [History of Russian church]. Moscow: Valaam Monastery of the Transfiguration of the Savior Press, 1996. Vol. 4. Pt. 1. 590 p. (in Russian).

Makarii (Veretennikov), archimandrite. Mitropolity Drevney Rusi (X–XVI veka) [Metropolitans of Ancient Russia (10th–16th centuries)]. Moscow: Sretensky Monastery Press, 2016. 1256 p. (in Russian).

Poloznev, Dmitriy Fedorovich. Kanonizatsiya mitropolita Filippa v ideinoy bor’be za uprocheniye avtoriteta tserkvi v seredine XVII v. [The canonization of Metropolitan Philip in the ideological struggle for the consolidation of the authority of the church in the mid-17th century], in Tserkov’, obshchestvo i gosudarstvo v feodal’noy Rossii. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1990. Pp. 283–292. (in Russian).

Romanova, Anastasiya Anatolyevna. Pochitaniye svyatykh i chudotvornykh ikon v Rossii v kontse XVI – nachale XVIII v.: Religioznaya praktika i gosudarstvennaya politika [Veneration of Saints and miraculous icons in Russia at the end of the 16th – beginning of the 18th century: religious practice and state policy]: Dissertation of Doctor Science in History. St. Petersburg, 2016. 507 p. (in Russian).

Roshchektaev, Andrey Vladimirovich. Monastyri Sviyazhska [Monasteries of Sviyazhsk]. Sviyazhsk: [no publisher], 2013. 191 p. (in Russian).

Sadikov, Petr Alekseevich. Ocherki po istorii oprichniny [Essays on the history of the oprichnina]. Moscow; Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR Press, 1950. 594 p. (in Russian).

Shaposhnik, VyacheslavValentinovich. Byl li German Polevmitropolitom? [Was Herman Polev a metropolitan?], in Rossiyskaya gosudarstvennost’: Istoriya i sovremennost’. St. Petersburg: «Znamenitye universanty» Publ., 2003. Pp. 128–132. (in Russian).

Shaposhnik, Vyacheslav Valentinovich. Tserkovno-gosudarstvennye otnosheniya v Rossii v 30–80-e gody XVI veka [Church-state relations in Russia in the 30s–80s of the 16th century]. 2nd ed. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg University Press, 2006. 569 p. (in Russian).

Tikhomirov, Mikhail Nikolaevich. Kratkiye zametki o letopisnykh proizvedeniyakh v rukopisnykh sobraniyakh Moskvy [Brief notes on Chronicles in manuscript collections of Moscow]. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR Press, 1962. 184 p. (in Russian).

Usachev, Andrey Sergeevich. Kogda zakonchilas’ «volokolamskaya gegemoniya» v Russkoy tserkvi XVI v.? [When did the «Volokolamsk hegemony» in the 16th century Russian church end?], in Istoricheskiye zapiski. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 2014. Vol. 15 (133). Pp. 151–169. (in Russian).

Volodikhin, Dmitriy Mikhailovich. Mitropolit Filipp [Metropolitan Philip]. Moscow: «Molodaya gvardiya» Publ., 2009. 281 p. (in Russian).

Zimin, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Kratkiye letopistsy XV–XVI vv. [Short Chroniclers of the 15th and 16th centuries], in Istoricheskiy arkhiv. Moscow; Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the USSR Press, 1950. Vol. 5. Pp. 3–39. (in Russian).

Zimin, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Mitropolit Filipp i oprichnina [Metropolitan Philip and oprichnina], in Voprosy istorii religii i ateizma. Moscow: Academy of Sciences of the USSR Press, 1963. Vol. 11. Pp. 269–292. (in Russian).

Zimin, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Oprichnina Ivana Groznogo [Oprichnina of Ivan the Terrible]. Moscow: «Mysl’» Publ., 1964. 535 p. (in Russian).

 

Tags: Ivan the Terrible, 16th century, historical memory, medieval studies, MISCELLANEA / MISCELLANEA, historical source, cultural studies

  • Hits: 619