Bessudnova, Marina Borisovna. The Novgorod Kontor of Hanse in the context of the Revel’s trading strategy of the first third of the 16th century

Bessudnova, Marina Borisovna — Doctor in History, Professor, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Researcher ID A-9259-2016, Scopus ID 56292134100, SPIN-код 4121-7323, e-mai: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. 

The research was support by Russian Science Foundation, project Nr. 19–18–00183 «Economic, political and socio-cultural communications of Russia and the Baltic Area in the 15-17th centuries based on archival collections of Tallinn, Lbeck, Berlin and St. Petersburg». 

The historiographic image of Novgorod Hanseatic Kontor (German Yard) after its restoration in 1514 with descriptions of his decline was reconstructed mainly according to the testimony of the citizens of Revel aimed at preserving it. On the one hand, his skillfully designed Revel’s discourse is objective because it reflects some crisis moments caused by the complication of Novgorod-Hanseatic business relations as a result of, firstly, the decline in discipline of the inhabitants of the German Yard, among which young people began to prevail, and, secondly, of differences in understanding of legal foundations of the Russo- Hanseatic trade, «antiquity» («starina») by the Russian and Hanseatic sides in conditions of politicization of international trade in Russia. On the other hand, many historical realities in the framework of the revelation perception are distorted in favor of Revel’s trading strategy. These are the themes of the poverty of the Yard, the possibility of its transition to «alien nations» and the escalation of Russian trade expansion in Western Europe. Its were used by the Revalers to provide assistance to Lübeck and to other Vendish towns in restoring and maintaining the German Yard. Of particular importance was financial support in the form of deductions from the «pound duty», puntzoll. The revelation descriptions of the riots on the German Yard were to create an idea among the Vendish towns of the insolvency of his administration, appointed by Dorpat, and help Revel take control of the compound in his hands. Revel also tried to prevent Danzig and other towns of Royal Prussia from accessing the German Yard. As a result of his policy, slipway trade in Novgorod gradually closed on Reval with the participation of Lübeck, who invariably supported the idea of preserving the Novgorod Hanseatic Kontor on the Hansetagen. Revel’s desire to strengthen its position in Novgorod, presumably, was associated with the spread of credit operations in the Novgorod-Hanseatic trade, its kind of «monetization» associated with using of silver as a means of payment, and the transformation of Novgorod into a silver concentration center (Geldstelle).

Hanse, Novgorod Hanseatic Kontor, German Yard, Russo-Hanseatic relations, Reval, Lübeck, Novgorod 

• Angermann, Norbert. Deutsche Kaufleute in Novgorod im 16. und 17. Jahrhundert, in Angermann, Norbert et al. (eds). Novgorod — Markt und Kontor der Hanse. Köln: Böhlau Publ., 2002. Pp. 97–115. (in German).

  Angermann, Norbert. Die Stellung der livländischen Städte in der hansischen Gemeinschaft, in Hansische Geschichtsblätter. 1995. Bd 113. Pp. 119–121. (in German).

  Angermann, Norbert. Zu den rechtlichen Grundlagen des Hansehandels in Pleskau, in Urbanski, Silke et al. (eds). Recht und Alltag im Hanseraum. Gerhard Theuerkauf zum 60. Geburtstag. Lüneburg: Dt. Salzmuseum Publ., 1993. Pp. 17–30. (in German).

  Angermann, Norbert; Endeil, Ulrike. Die Partnerschaft mit der Hanse, in Herrmann, Dagmar (ed.) Deutsche und Deutschland aus russischer Sicht. 11.–17. Jahrhundert. München: Wilhelm Fink Verlag, 1989. Pp. 83–115. (in German).

  Arbusow, Leonid (ed.). Akten und Rezesse der livländischen Ständetage. Riga: J. Dobner Publ., 1910. Abt. 3. 1000 p. (in German).

  Bessudnova, Marina Borisovna. Dosug ganzeyskikh kuptsov v Velikom Novgorode [Leisure of Hanseatic merchants in Novgorod-the-Great], in Kovarskaya, Svetlana Aleksandrovna et al. (eds). Novgorodika–2018. Povsednevnaya zhizn’ novgorodtsev: istoriya i sovremennost’. Velikiy Novgorod: NovSU Press, 2018. Pp. 265–269. (in Russian).

  Bessudnova, Marina Borisovna. Spetsifika i dinamika razvitiya russko-livonskikh protivorechiy v posledney treti XV veka [The specificity and the dynamic of the development of Russo-Livonian contradictions in the last third of the 15th century]. Voronezh: Nauchnaya kniga Publ., 2016. 453 p. (in Russian).

  Flöttmann, Andreas. Der revaler Rußhandel von 1509 bis 1558, in Angermann, Norbert (ed.). Deutschland- Livland-Russland. Beiträge aus dem Historischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg. Lüneburg: Verlag Nordostdeutsches Kulturwerk, 1988. Pp. 111–136. (in German).

  Friedland, Klaus; Wentz, Gottfried (eds). Hanserecesse. Die Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetage. Abt. 4. Bd 2. Köln [u. a.]: Böhlau Publ., 1970. 640 p. (in German).

  Häberlein, Mark. Die Fugger: Konkurrenten der Hanse im Ostseeraum?, in Hammel-Kiesow, Rolf et al. (eds.). Hansischer Handel im Strukturwandel vom 15. zum 16. Jahrhundert. Trier: Porta Alba Verlag, 2016. Pp. 49–66. (in German).

  Hildebrand, Hermann. Bericht über die im Revalschen Rathsarchiv für die russisch-livländischen Wechselbeziehungen im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert ausgeführten Untersuchungen, in Mélanges Russes tirés du Bulletin historico-philologique de l’Académie des scienes. SPb., 1865. Vol. 4. Pp. 716–802. (in German).

  Jahnke, Carsten. Die Hanse. Überlegungen zur Entwicklung des Hansebegriffes und der Hanse als Institution resp. Organisation, in Hansischer Geschichtsblätter. 2013. Bd 131. Pp. 27–28. (in German).

  Jahnke, Carsten. Pfundzollrechnungen im Ostseeraum. Bestand und Fragen der Auswertung, in Nowak, Zenon Hubert et al. (eds). Die preußischen Hansestädte und ihre Stellung im Nord- und Ostseeraum. Toruń: Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika Press, 1998. Pp. 153–170. (in German).

  Kazakova, Natalya Aleksandrovna. Russko-livonskie i russko-ganzeyskie otnosheniya. Konets XIV – nachalo XVI v. [Russo-Livonian and Russo-Hanseatic relations. The end of 14th – the beginning of 16th century]. Leningrad: Nauka Publ., 1975. 359 p. (in Russian).

  North, Michael. Kreditinstrumente in Westeuropa und im Hanseraum, in Jörn, Nils et al. (eds). Kopet uns werk by tyden: Beiträge zur hansischen und preussischen Geschichte. Schwerin: Thomas Helms Verlag, 1999. Pp. 43–46. (in German).

  Puhle, Matthias. Organisationsmerkmale der Hanse, in Bracker, Jörgen et al. (eds). Die Hanse. Lebenswirklichkeit und Mythos. Bd 1. 4. Aufl. Lübeck: Schmidt-Römhild Publ., 2006. Pp. 196–201. (in German).

  Rybina, Elena Aleksandrovna. Inozemnye dvory v Novgorode XII–XVII vv. [Foreign Yards in Novgorod of the 12th–17th centuries]. Moscow: Moscow State University Press, 1986. 176 p. (in Russian).

  Rybina, Elena Aleksandrovna. Novgorod i Ganza [ Novgorod and the Hanse]. Moscow: «Rukopisnye pamyatniki Drevney Rusi» Publ., 2009. 320 p. (in German).

  Selzer, Stefan. Zweifache Wachstumschancen: Hansische Ökonomie im 16. Jahrhundert und ihre Erforschung, in Hansischer Handel im Strukturwandel vom 15. zum 16. Jahrhundert. Trier: Porta Alba Verlag, 2016. Pp. 1–10. (in German).

  Schäfer, Dietrich et al. (eds). Hanserecesse. Die Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetage. Abt. 3. München [u. a.]: Dunker & Humblot Verlag, 1894–1913. Bd 5–9. (in German).

  Tiberg, Erik. Moscow, Livonia and the Hanseatic League: 1487–1550. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International Publ., 1995. 290 p.

  Tiberg, Erik. Moskau, Livland und Hanse 1487 bis 1547, in Hansische Geschichtsblätter. 1975. Bd 93. Pp. 13–70. (in German).

  Wentz, Gottfried (ed.). Hanserecesse. Die Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetage. Abt. 4. Bd 1. Weimar: Hermann Böhnlaus Nachvolger Verlag, 1941. 474 p. (in German).