Aksenov, Vladislav Benovich. Technique and its phobic images in the everyday consciousness of ordinary Russian people in 1914–1916

Created Date

For citation: Aksenov, Vladislav Benovich. Technique and its phobic images in the everyday consciousness of ordinary Russian people in 1914–1916, in Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana. 2019. № 1. Pp. 38-52. DOI https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu19.2019.103.

Title of the article Technique and its phobic images in the everyday consciousness of ordinary Russian people in 1914–1916
Authors Aksenov, Vladislav Benovich – PhD in history, senior researcher, Institute of Russian history, Russian Academe of Science, Moscow, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., OrcID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2716-7700, SPIN-cod 5269-6667
In the section  Commentarii / Articles
Year 2019 Issue  1 Pages  38-52
Type of article RAR Index UDK  94 (47) “1914/1916” Index BBK  63.3(0)53
Abstract The formed phobic images of military equipment in the psychological state of Russian society during the First World War is considered in article. It is emphasized that the war led to the neuroticization of the society, in which the number of mentally ill people increased. The general anxiety contributed to the interpretation of the war as a sign of the impending apocalypse, in accordance with which monstrous images of weapons – guns, aircraft, tanks – were created. At the same time, the attitude towards technical inventions that had long entered the everyday life of the inhabitants – binoculars, cameras, cars - changed. In the conditions of growing spy mania they turned into spy attributes. Despite the fact that a number of images borrowed from art and fantasy works were not known to the peasants, many villagers also developed fears, mainly before airplanes, which the townsfolk often used to settle accounts with their neighbourhood: the German colonists and landlords.
Keywords  the First World War, thing in  history, military equipment, phobias, mass consciousness
Full text version of the article. Article language  Russian
Bibliography
  • Aksenov, Vladislav Benovich. «Chernoe avto» kak simvol revoliutsionnogo nasiliia v 1917 g: fobiia, mifologema, emotsional’nyi stimul [“The black car” as a symbol of revolutionary violence in 1917: phobia, mytheme, emotional stimulus], in Forum for anthropology and culture. 2017. No 13. Pp. 186–212. (in Russian).

    Aksenov, Vladislav Benovich. «Revolyucionniy psihoz»: massovaya eyforiya i nervno-psihicheskie rasstroystva v 1917 g [“Revolutionary psychosis”: mass euphoria and neuropsychic disorders in 1917], in Velikaya rossiyskaya revolyustiya 1917: Sto let izucheniya. Moscow: Institute of Russian History Press, 2017. Pp. 465–474. (in Russian).

    Astashov, Aleksandr Borisovich. Russkiy front v 1914 – nachale 1917 goda: voennyy opyt i sovremennost’ [The Russian front in 1914 early 1917: military experience and modernity]. Moscow: Novyj hronograf Publ., 2014. 740 p. (in Russian).

    Bahurin, Yuriy Alekseevich. Bestiariy velikoy voyny. Neizvestnye voenno-tehnicheskie proekty Rossiyskoy imperii [Bestiary of the Great War. Unknown military-technical projects of the Russian Empire], in Rodina. 2014. No 8. Pp. 42–46. (in Russian).

    Brusilov, Aleksej Alekseevich. Moi vospominaniya [My memories]. Moscow: Voenizdat Publ., 1963. 216 p. (in Russian).

    Fridlender, Kim. Neskol’ko aspektov shell-shoka v Rossii, 1914–1916 [Several aspects of shell shock in Russia, 1914–1916], in Rossiya i Pervaya mirovaya voyna: Materialy mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo kollokviuma. St.-Petersburg: Dmitry Bulanin Publ., 1999. Pp. 315–325. (in Russian).

    Hobsbaum, Erik. Epoha kraynostey: Korotkiy dvadstatiy vek 1914­–1991 [The age of extremes. Short twentieth century. 1914–1991]. Moscow: Izdatelstvo Nezavisimaya gazeta Publ., 2004. 632 p. (in Russian).

    Kandinskiy, Viktor Khrisanfovich. Obshcheponyatnye psihologicheskiye etyudy [Comprehensible psychological etudes], in Sankt-Peterburgskaya psikhiatricheskaya bol’nica sv. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. K 140-letiyu. Tom III. St.-Petersburg: KOSTA Publ., 2012. Pp. 5–141. (in Russian).

    Krauze, Fridrih Oskarovich. Pis’ma s Pervoy mirovoy. (1914–1917) [Letters from the First World. (1914–1917)]. St.-Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2017. 544 p. (in Russian).

    Leed, Eric. Fateful Memories: Industrialized War and Traumatic Neuroses, in Journal of Contemporary History. 2000. Vol. 35. No. 1. Pp. 85–100.

    Loughran, Tracey. Shell Shock, Trauma, and the First World War: The Making of a Diagnosis and Its Histories, in Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 2012. Vol. 67. No. 1. Pp. 94–119.

    Merridale, Catherine. The Collective Mind: Trauma and Shell-Shock in Twentieth-Century Russia, in Journal of Contemporary History. 2000. Vol. 35. No 1. Pp. 39–55.

    Okunev, Nikita Potapovich. Dnevnik moskvicha, 19171924 [Diary of a Muscovite, 19171924]. T. 1. Moscow: Voenizdat Publ., 1997. 320 p. (in Russian).

    Plamper, Yan. Strah v russkoj armii v 1878–1917 gg.: K istorii medializacii odnoj emocii [Fear in the Russian army in 1878–1917: On the history of medialization of one emotion], in Opyt mirovyh voyn v istorii Rossii. Chelyabinsk: Yuzhno-Uralsky state university Press, 2007. Pp. 453–460. (in Russian).

    Radkau, Joahim. Epoha nervoznosti. Germaniya ot Bismarka do Gitlera [The era of nervousness. Germany from Bismarck to Hitler]. Moscow: Izdatel’skiy dom Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2017. 552 p. (in Russian).

    Rozenbah, Pavel Yakovlevich. Sovremennaya voyna i isteriya [Modern war and hysteria]. Petrograd: Gosudarstvennaya tipografiya Press, 1915. 15 p. (in Russian).

    Shil’, Sofya Nikolaevna. Krymskie zapiski. 19161921 [Crimean notes. 19161921]. Moscow: Novyj hronograf Publ., 2018. 288 p. (in Russian).

    Skitaniya russkogo oficera. Dnevnik Iosifa Ilyina. 1914–1920 [Wanderings of a Russian officer. The diary of Joseph Ilyin. 1914–1920]. Moscow: Knizhnica Russkiy put’ Publ., 2016. 480 p. (in Russian).

    Stagner, Annessa. Healing the Soldier, Restoring the Nation: Representations of Shell Shock in the USA During and After the First World War, in: Journal of Contemporary History. 2014. Vol. 49. No. 2. Рp. 255–274.

    Winter, Jay. Shell-Shock and the Cultural History of the Great War, in Journal of Contemporary History. 2000. Vol. 35. No. 1. Pp. 7–11..